Development of Motor Qualities Through the Specific Means of Gymnastics

Abstract

Introduction: The study entitled “Development of motor skills through specific
means of gymnastics†refers mainly to the specific means of artistic
gymnastics used by the physical education teacher for physical training and
development of motor skills of high school students considering that gymnastics
discipline is one of the most important parts of the physical education
class in school. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the progress made in
increasing the level of motor skills by using the means of artistic gymnastics
and to present the effectiveness of these means in physical education. The
experiment was performed at the Vasile GoldiÅŸ National College Arad for an
interval of 6 months between January 15, 2019 and July 15, 2019. The classes
subjected to the experiment were from the 5th A and 5th C classes from the
above mentioned unit, 48 female students and boys between the ages of 11
and 12. The 5th A class comprises 23 students, of which 13 girls and 10 boys,
and the 5th C class comprises 25 students, of which 14 girls and 11 boys. Both
classes were subjected to the same group of tests at both the initial determination
at the beginning of the experiment and the final one. The experiment
consisted in applying a set of exercises to the experimental group, ie to class
V A, different from the one applied to the control group, class V C. The research
methods used were: bibliographic study, observation method, survey,
experiment method, test method and statistical-mathematical method. Tests
applied in the expermient: 1.Shuttle; 2. Lumbar mobility; 3. The bridge; 4.
Antero-posterior cord; 5. Long jump from the spot; 6. Trunk lifts from supine
to sitting and back. Results The average values obtained by the experimental class in the tests were are following: - Shuttle I.T =11,96 ± 0,64 and to F.T
= 11,69 ± 0,64; - Lumbar Mobility I.T = 49,3 ± 8 and to F.T = 55,43 ± 5,6;
- Bridge I.T = 46 ± 10,4 and to F.T = 43 ± 11,2; - Split A-P I.T = 17,6 ± 9,4
and to F.T=14,8 ± 9,5; - Jump in length from sport I.T= 163 ± 8,7 and to F.T
= 169 ± 5,5; -Abdomen I.T = 21 ± 4,2 and to F.T = 22 ± 4,4. Compared to
those of the control class : - Shuttle I.T = 13,03 ± 0,85 and to F.T = 12,88 ±
0,78: - Lumbar Mobility I.T = 53,28 ± 6,32 and to F.T = 54,32 ± 6,04; -Bridge
I.T = 50,8 ± 8,9 and to F.T = 50,1 ± 9,3; - Split A-P I.T = 23,6 ± 8,2 and to
F.T = 23 ± 9,2; -Jump in the length I.T = 158 ± 7,8 and to F.T = 159 ± 7,3;
- Abdomen I.T = 23 ± 4,6 and to F.T = 23 ± 4,8. The research conducted,
through which we aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of gymnastics in
the physical education lesson in middle school classes, was confirmed, as can
be deduced from the comparative table of results obtained, set out in the research
annexes. Conclusions: Following the study, we can conclude that the
means of gymnastics, used intensively in physical education classes, along
with traditional means, increase students’ attendance, increase their attractiveness,
create a motivational framework for conscious and active participation
of students, contributing largely to increase the level of development of
motor skills in physical education lessons. Given the results obtained, we
recommend physical education teachers in primary and secondary school to
introduce in their lessons as many exercises and games specific to gymnastics
both for the harmonious physical development of students and for maintaining
their health and mental relaxation they need during school. In this way the
physical education lessons do not seem to be boring, they become pleasant,
attractive.